What Are Loops in Computer Programs

Loops are among the most basic and powerful of programming concepts. A loop in a computer program is an instruction that repeats until a specified condition is reached. In a loop structure, the loop  asks a question. If the answer requires action, it is executed. The same question is asked again and again  until no further action is required. Each time the question is asked is called an iteration.   A computer programmer who needs to use the same lines of code many times in a program can use a loop to save time. Just about every programming language includes the concept of a loop. High-level programs accommodate several types of loops. C, C, and C# are all high-level computer programs and have the capacity to use several types of loops. Types of Loops A for loop is a loop that runs for a preset number of times.A while loop is a loop that is repeated as long as an expression is true. An expression is a statement that has a value.A do while loop or repeat until loop repeats until an expression becomes false.An infinite or endless loop is a loop that repeats indefinitely because it has no terminating condition, the exit condition is never met or the loop is instructed to start over from the beginning. Although it is possible for a programmer to intentionally use an infinite loop, they are often mistakes made by new programmers.A nested  loop appears inside any other for, while or do while loop. A goto statement can create a loop by jumping backward to a label, although this is generally discouraged as a bad programming practice. For some complex code, it allows a jump to a common exit point that simplifies the code. Loop Control Statements A statement that alters the execution of a loop from its designated sequence is a loop control statement. C#, for example, provides two loop control statements. A break statement inside a loop terminates the loop immediately.A continue statement jumps to the next iteration of the loop, skipping any code in between. Basic Structures of Computer Programming Loop, selection, and sequence are the three basic structures of computer programming. These three logic structures are used in combination to form algorithms for solving any logic problem. This process is called structured programming.

The Depiction of a First Nations Group in Canada Free Essay Example, 1500 words

When the question of appropriating symbols associated with a particular culture is concerned, everyone seems to be on the same side and on opposing sides at the same time. This is because the people who protest against the appropriation from their native culture are on the same side as those whose culture has evolved by borrowing ideas and concepts from other cultures. Thus, it is by no means possible for one culture to say that they are exclusivist and that they have the right over the symbols that their culture has. And the opposing sides are that they seem to be fighting over the fact that their symbols belong to them alone. As such, culturally exclusivist tendencies need to be curbed and we need to ensure that no one culture has rights over the same. There is a need for acceptance of the rights over the cultures of others and also a need to tolerate and respect different cultures. Coming to the point about the culture of the savages, there is a movement from the indigenous commu nities all over the world to protest appropriation of their symbols and ensure that they own the symbols. We will write a custom essay sample on The Depiction of a First Nations Group in Canada or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The attempt to suppress those defective classes whose deficiencies can be proved by rigid methods to be due to hereditary causes, and to prevent unions that will unavoidably lead to the birth of disease-stricken progeny, is the proper field of eugenics (Boas, 1916). Thus, the article can be said to be sympathetic to the concept of the savages who want to have their life undisturbed by concepts of racial superiority and the like.

Ch3 Jigsaw Legal Aspects Of Purchasing 1 - 860 Words

1. What are the three types of, â€Å"Purchasing Authority?† Give one example of each. 2. Express Authority- authority of the purchasing manager. Express authority is given to the purchasing manager automatically and should be in writing in the company bylaws. Ex.- in most states, real estate contacts must be in writing. 3. Implied Authority- Implied authority is implied by the law at the time the principal grants express authority to the purchasing agent. It gives the purchasing agent the legal authority to carry out the duties for which he or she was appointed. Ex- it the purchasing agent is given the express authority to make a contract, he has the implied authority to negotiate the terms including: quantity, quality, delivery†¦show more content†¦Wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Request_for_proposal 3. Request for Proposal (RFP) is a solicitation made, often through a bidding process, by an agency or company interested in procurement of a commodity, service or valuable asset, to potential suppliers to submit business proposals. The RFP process brings structure to the procurement decision and is meant to allow the risks and

Essay on Students Should be Required to Wear Uniforms to...

Students Should be Required to Wear Uniforms to School Do you always ask yourself why do students wear those horrible uniforms? Well, 99% of the students do, some find that unnecessary, some find them obsolete, and others just hate those unexciting colors. Nonetheless, they are wrong when they think that uniforms are not necessary, since they are. Because the teachers need to see students as equal, plus, clothes always distract other people, and as proved on a survey, 78% of the students prefer clothes that are inappropriate for school and for some people these clothes might be impolite. When you meet somebody, what is the first thing that you look at? As humans, we always take a first†¦show more content†¦Clothes are a distraction. Because teachers get distracted by all the different colors, they are more than 15 students in a class, and then they will be more than 30 colors if students use different clothes, who could not get distracted? If teachers get distracted, then they could not teach well, but if teachers get distracted, just imagine the students, they will start to look at his partner’s clothe and start talking about it. And the same thing will happen with the 15 or 20 more students, they won’t pay attention to class, they will talk, and if you have 3 or 4 people talking about you and looking at you, will you pay attention? Obviously no, you will start to fight or talk to someone and criticize others; it comes so natural, nobody likes that, so they keep doing it, but this way inoffensively, you would not pay attention neither. School students are young, immature, they are growing, changing, and they are not sure of what like. You always had someone there to help you and guide you in everything? If you had, then you know that it is somehow frustrating but needed, even though you say that you hate when they decide sometimes for you, now, think it twice, if someone who knows more than you do and cares about you assumed it, then they might be right and they have reasons to believe it. However,Show MoreRelatedStudents Should Be Required to Wear Uniforms801 Words   |  4 PagesFebruary 27, 2013 All Students Should Be Required To Wear Uniforms Dress code has always been a problem in schools because students often times don’t adhere to the rules on what they can and cannot wear to school. While clothing is a minor issue when it comes to education; wearing uniforms does seem to improve an educational environment. Are school uniforms good or bad? There are many reasons why students should be required to wear uniforms. Students should be required to wear uniforms because it createsRead MoreSchool Uniforms And Its Effect On Self Image1548 Words   |  7 PagesMost commonly found in private schools, school uniforms are slowly being adopted by public schools in the US. In the 2003-2004 school year every one in eight schools required uniforms; in the 2011-2012 school year that number had increased to every one in five schools (ProCon.org). As violence increased, schools started enforcing uniforms thinking that it would solve the violence. School uniforms were created in England in the 16th century for students referred to as the â€Å"charity children† (ProConRead MoreShould School Uniforms be Mandatory? Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pagesopinion of whether schools should require students to wear uniforms. Some schools go through the same argument annually of whether to enforce school uniforms the following school year. A number of people argue that uniforms take away from the students’ individuality, while other people concur that uniforms generate unity within the school. Even though many people disagree with school uniforms, countless reasons are evident that uniforms should be mandatory. School uniforms provide schools with many positiveRead MoreShould Schools Uniforms be Manadatory? Essay1090 Words   |  5 Pagessocial benefit school uniforms are responsible for is providing Many debates form over the opinion of whether schools should require students to wear uniforms. Some schools go through the same argument annually of whether to enforce school uniforms the following school year. A number of people argue that uniforms take away from the students’ individuality, while other people concur that uniforms generate unity within the school. Even though many people disagree with school uniforms, countless reasonsRead MoreImportance Of School Uniforms798 Words   |  4 Pagesto school on time? One way to achieve that is by having schools require their students to wear uniforms during school time. People have formed different opinions regarding uniforms in school. Some support and others oppose them. However, it should go back to the students. Many students in p ublic schools have never tried school uniforms. These students, which include the majority, would not know if it is beneficial to have uniforms or not. Personally, I have been to different types of schools, eachRead MoreThe Importance Of Uniforms In Schools813 Words   |  4 PagesStudents from schools with a uniform policy say that uniforms have affected the way they feel about themselves in an unsatisfactory way. Uniforms are proven to slow down the transition into becoming an adult because students are not used to choosing their own clothing. Wearing a uniform opens an opportunity for students to judge each other’s bodies based on how they look and it creates room for drama and bullying. The uniforms can also obstruct a student from expressing themselves. Schools shouldRead MoreSchool Uniforms: A Bad Idea Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pageshigh schools in the United States is parents and their children against the enforcement of their school’s uniform policy. More sc hools have been adopting uniform policies within the past decade. Rules contained in the policy that are implemented range from wearing certain types of tops (shirts) in specified colors to students being required to tuck in their shirts. In the past, uniforms were exclusively for students who attended private schools because they were â€Å"well-off†, but now uniforms areRead MoreStudents Should Wear Uniforms Debate Essay910 Words   |  4 Pagesdebates about whether students should wear uniforms or not. Many schools agreed with the idea and have already required school uniforms, while others are still considering it. Some say that school uniforms represent discipline and instill school pride, but others think that it is not creativity and comfortable. Despite that there are still arguments about it; school uniforms have increasingly demonstrated their importance and influence in many ways. Students should have to wear uniforms because it willRead MoreCan Uniforms Help St udents Become Peaceful Equals? Essay611 Words   |  3 PagesIf students were forced to wear uniforms, would self-expression be taken away or would students suddenly become peaceful equals? The clothes students wear today in schools are a form of self-expression. Other ways students are able to express themselves include the way they fix their hair or the accessories incorporated in their outfits. Parents often believe the introduction of school uniforms would take away from the students’ right of self-expression. While some debate that school uniforms takeRead MoreEssay on Three Reasons Why Public Schools Should Wear Uniforms664 Words   |  3 Pageshere, in the USA few public schools have need of students to wear a uniform. I went to school in Mexico City and I got to wear uniform every day. It is very common there for students to be dress in uniforms. Most of the time, I think kids in this country are very spoiled and very selfish too. For them to wear an uniform to go to school it is very offensive. The reason is they think they can no longer express themselves. I agree that asking students to wear a uniform won’t change their attitude

Of Mice and Men Essay - 1119 Words

Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck’s novel ‘Of Mice and Men’ is one of those books which make you believe everything that takes place between the covers. Books like these always remain as classics, because of their very informative and believable stories. John Steinbeck especially excels in this, and therefore is the reason I have chosen this book to describe. ‘Of Mice and Men’, the title of the novel, originates from the poem ‘To a Mouse’, by Robert Burns. It means that no matter what you plan to do in the future, something will always go wrong. It comes from the line ‘†¦the best laid schemes o’ Mice and Men, Gang aft agley’. The title of the book was originally ‘Something that Happened’, as the story is about what actually†¦show more content†¦All of the characters from ‘Of Mice and Men’ play an important role to the way the story unfolds. George and Lennie are the two most important characters in this novel. They are migrant workers from America, and also the best of friends. George is the smaller of the two, who travels and cares for Lennie. Even though he sometimes thinks of how his life would be so much better without having his responsibilities, he is still devoted to his companion. Lennie on the other hand, is the taller of the two, but also the dumbest, due to his mental disability. He completely depends on George for his survival, guidance and protection. What Lennie doesn’t understand though is his own strength. He also has a fetish for soft things, such as petting small animals; women’s dresses etc., which always leads him to disaster. You can easily tell from the beginning of the book, where the reader is first introduced to Lennie that something bad is going to happen to him. Because of his disabilities, and how helpless he is, you can be very sympathetic with him. During the novel, he doesn’t manage to avoid the dangers created by Curley, Curley’s wife, or the world. Because he acts very innocently, you can tell that he doesn’t do things on purpose, but by accident. I think Lennie never knows what he is really doing, and cannot tell the difference betweenShow MoreRelatedOf Mice and Men1242 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan states that, in the state of nature mans life is nasty, brutish and short. In depression era America, no greater truth could be said. There were millions unemployed, largely unskilled and living on the margins of society. The lowest of the low were the migrant labourers travelling from place to place trying to scratch a living. They often had to travel illegally by freight car with all its consequent dangers. Their life expectancy was low, crimeRead MoreOf Mice and Men961 Words   |  4 PagesPeople have a tendency to lose sight of their goals and dreams. Mentally, people struggle to maintain their sanity in this game of life that has no set of rules. In the book Of Mice and Men, this story portrays the inequality between people’s dreams and what can actually be accomplished. John Steinbeck, the author Of Mice and Men, utilizes his general themes of friendship and loneliness, through his deep characterization and connection between characters i n order to illustrate â€Å"The American dream.† TheRead MoreOf Mice and Men1352 Words   |  6 PagesOf Mice and Men Essay - Fate or Choice? Choice is defined by the ‘Shorter Oxford Dictionary’ as; â€Å"The act of choosing; preferential determination between things proposed.† It also states the definition for fate; â€Å"The principle, power, or agency by which events are unalterably predetermined from eternity.† Is our life choice, can we determine our fate by choosing our path or is our destiny determined for us? John Steinbeck puts forward this question in his novella Of Mice and MenRead MoreMice and men1998 Words   |  8 PagesHey this essay is about me not having one and just wanting a free account.GCSE JOHN STEINBECK The first 200 words of this essay... à ¯Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿Of Mice and Men Essay à ¢Of Mice and Menà ¢ is the fictional short novel written by John Steinbeck in 1937. Steinbeckà ¢s perspective when writing the novel could be based on the fact that he had once worked on a ranch and had a certain fascination about it. The novel is set in 1930s America and this can be seen as the cause of the very enduring culmination that takesRead MoreOf Mice and Men1006 Words   |  5 Pagesheart of every novel.† In your view, what are the distinctive ideas explored in Of Mice and Men? Explain how these ideas are developed throughout the novel. Themes are integral and fundamental aspects which render the literature valuable. They usually provide insight into the author’s perception and internalisations of the world in which they live. Set in California during the Great Depression, Of Mice and Men, by Steinbeck, illustrates the hardships experienced by individuals as they roamed theRead MoreOF MICE AND MEN1721 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿In the book Of Mice and Men, the single women that appeared in the book resented herself as an object. The statement Women today are more often treated by men as equals rather than objects can be true or false. A man that goes to Gentleman s Cubs every night is a different man that studies at Harvard Law School. A striper is going to be a different person than a CEO of a successful business. It’s all about how you present yourself. In Of Mice and Men, Curley s wife presents herself in a seductiveRead MoreOf Mice and Men1035 Words   |  5 PagesFriendship of George and Lenny The book Of Mice and Men focuses on the friendship of two migrant workers in California at a time when most of the work was done by people and not by machines.  Ã‚  George was a small man who acted worldly and wise.  Ã‚  Lennie was a huge man that had the mind of a child.  Ã‚  Together George and Lennie would bounce from job to job with no money in their pockets and only the dream of someday owning a place of their own to keep them going.  Ã‚  The two men were not able to stay in one placeRead MoreOf Mice and Men547 Words   |  2 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s landmark novel Of Mice and Men is perhaps best known for its revolutionary telling of two characters that are very different, but have come to rely on each other to survive during the Great Depression. The two characters are men named George and Lenny. George is somewhat of an average fellow who has no real special skills or attributes. Lenny is large and abnormally strong, but unfortunately has the mind of a child. Le nnie looks up to George as if he were a role model. This statementRead MoreMice and Men822 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Of Mice and Men† The Great Depression took place in the United States in the 1930s. Northern California, Salinas Valley was affected by the Great Depression. Many farmers lost their properties and were forced to find other work. Banks were forced to foreclose on mortgages’ and had to collect debts. Hundreds of thousands of farmers packed up their families and few belongings, and headed for California. The Great Depression left many people in poverty and caused them to face unpleasant eventsRead MoreOf Mice and Men1171 Words   |  5 PagesOf Mice and Men by John Steinbeck Q- â€Å"I never seen no piece of jail bait worse than her† what is the reader supposed to think about Curley’s wife? * How is she described by the other characters? * How the author describes her * How she speaks/behaves * Her dreams * Is she the cause of all the trouble Written By Ruqayyah Draey Curley’s wife is not well described and respected by the other characters. She is often looked down upon and discriminated

My dreams free essay sample

This case examines how Capos focus on extraordinariness as contributed its success. First, histamine the history of Capos, its core values, and its unique business model. Next, we analyze the companys corporate culture and how it influences its relationships with employees, customers, the environment, and communities. We then look at some of the challenges the company has faced and how it plans to move into the future. HISTORY Nick Swimming founded Capos in 1999 after a fruitless day spotlighting foreshores San Francisco. After looking online, Swimming decided to quit his Job and start a shoe website that offered the best selection and best service. Originally called Shiite. Com, the company started as a middleman, transferring orders between customers and suppliers but not holding any inventory (a drop ship strategy). The website was soon renamed Capos, after the Spanish word foreshores (Saputo). In 2000, entrepreneur Tony Whish became the companys CEO. Whish, 26 at the time, was an early investor in Capos, having made $265 million selling his startup company to Microsoft in 1998. We will write a custom essay sample on My dreams or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whish wasnt initially sold on the idea of an Internet shoe store. He told Inc. Magazine, It sounded like the poster child of bad Internet ideas But I got sucked in. After coming CEO, Whish made an unconventional decision to keep Capos going, even selling his San Francisco once setting his salary at Just Capos struggled forts first few profit. The dot. Com crash forced company recovered. By the end but was still not profitable. In order to offer the best customer loft to pay for a new warehouse and $24. Ears,making sales but not generating a Capos to layoff half its staff, but the of 2002, Capos had sales $32 million 2003, the company decided that in service, it had to control the whole value chain?trot order to telemeter to delivery?and began holding its entire inventory. Capos moved to Lass Vegans 2004 to take advantage of a larger pool of experienced call center employees. The company generated its first profit in 2007 after reaching$840 million in annual sales. Capos also started to be recognized for its unique work environment and approach to customer service. This material was developed by Harper Bird,Vertebrate Gallons, and Beau Shelton under the direction of O. C. Farrell and Linda Farrell. It is provided for the Daniels Fund Ethics Initiative at the University of New Mexico and is intended for classroom discussion rather than to illustrate effective or ineffective middling of administrative, ethical, or legal decisions by management. Usurers this material are prohibited from claiming this material as their own, emailing to others, or placing it on the Internet. Please call O. C. Farrell at 505-277-3468 for more information. (2012) 2 In 2010, Amazon bought the company for$l . 2 billion. Although Whish had rejected an offer from Amazon in 2005, he believed that this buyout would be better for the company than management from the current board of directors or an outside investor. Hessian, With Amazon, it seemed that Capos could continue build its culture, brand, and business. We would e free to be ourselves. Amazon agreed to let Capos operate independently and to keep Hashes CEO (at his current $36,000 annual salary). Whish made $214 million from the merger, and Amazon set aside $40 million prostitutions Capos employees. After the merger, the company restructured into 10 separate companies organized under the Capos Family. CORE VALUES Capos has ten core values that guidelines activity at the and form the heart of the companys business model and 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Deliver WOW through service. Embraced drive change. Create fun and a little weirdness. Be adventurous, creative and open-minded. Company ultra. Pursue gar learning. Build open and honest relationships with communication. Build a positive team and family spirit. Do more with less. Be passionate and determined. Be humble. Capos core values differ from those other companies in a couple of ways. In addition to being untraditional, the core values create a framework for the companys actions. This is exemplified in the companys commitment to their customers and employees well-being and satisfaction. CAPOS CUSTOMER-FOCUSED BUSINESS MODEL The Capos business model is built around developing long-term customer relationships. Capos does not compete on price because it believes hat customers will want to buy from the store with the best service and selection. The company strives to create a unique and addicting shopping experience, offering a wide selection of shoes, apparel, accessories, and home products, free shipping to the customer, free shipping full refunds on returns, and great customer service. Capos strives to make the shopping experience enjoyable. The website is streamlined Forman easy shopping experience. Products grouped in specialized segments, with some (like outdoor products) on their own mini- sites. Customers can view each product from multiple angles thanks to hotplates taken at the companys studio, and Capos employees make short videos highlighting the products features. Capos customers navigate the site to improve features,adapt search plan inventory. 3 The spirit of simplicity, innovation, and great service extends inventory and distribution systems as well. Capos has one live inventory systems on the web. If the Capos website it is in stock. Once the company sells out of an item, the removers the website. This helps to reduce customer inventory and sheepishnesss are linked directly to the analyzes how results, and to Capos of the few displays item, listing is restoration. Its website via central database, and all its nonproliferations are developed in- house and customized to the companys needs. Their warehouses operate around the clock, which allows them to get a product to the customer faster. Fast sophisticates an instant gratification that is similar to shopping in a physical store. Most companies have a negative view toward returns, but Capos mentality is the complete opposite. It sees returns as the ability to maintain customer relationships and to increase its profits. Capos offers 100% Satisfaction Guaranteed Return Policy. If a customer is not satisfied with purchase, en or seen can return days The customer can print a pre- paid explainable that domestic customers to return the product forbore. This encourages customers to order several styles or differentiates items that do not work out. Tort dull return. Allows all return policy and return the While this strategy seems expensive, it actually works Capos advantage. The average industry merchandise return rate is 35 percent, but Capos most profitable customers tend to return 50 percent of what they purchase. The customers who have the higher return percentages are the most profitable because they have experienced Capos customer service ND return policy, which create loyalty to the company. These customers a re likely to make purchases more often and to spend more on each purchase.

Research Eassy Relationship Between Inflation And Unemployment

Questions: (a) Explain whether there is a relationship between inflation and unemployment. Should government interfere and reduce inflation and unemployment? Provide real life examples?(b) Using your home country(INDIA) as a case study outline and analyse inflation, unemployment and growth trends. Identify what range of the aggregate supply curve your country is operating in?(c) Explain how monetary policy can influence an economy, including the exchange rate and employment levels? Answers: Introduction: In recent times the nature of the economies has changed significantly. It is evident that the inter connectedness among the nations has increased extensively especially after globalisation. Thus the risks of financial slowdown in one nation can also affect other countries as well due to increased financial connectivity within the nations. The global recession of 2008-09 created an extensive impact in every economy due to such interconnectivity. It is known that there are various factors that affect the growth and development of an economy and these factors can also be referred as the indicators of the performance of an economy. Such factors can include the inflation rate, unemployment rate, GDP growth rate, National output, per capital income etc. These factors can indicate how well an economy is performing. The government also implements various measures in terms of fiscal and monetary policy for improving the condition of the economy (Colander, 2013). The main aim of this essay is to indicate the relationship between various indicators and the measures that are taken by government to improve the economic condition. (a) Relationship between Inflation and Unemployment: Inflation and unemployment are two economic performance indicators of an economy. Inflation can be referred as the increase in general price level of an economy. On the other hand, unemployment is the increase in the percentage of people who are looking for jobs but they are not getting any. Thus when people are actively seeking work but are still without work are unemployed (Hubbard and O'Brien, 2013). The increase in the percentage of unemployed people leads to increase in the unemployment rate. Thus it can be said that the inflation and unemployment are two very important economic indicators. In case of inflation, it can be said that it is undesirable for an economy. Thus the government takes measures to control the inflation in an economy. High inflation is socially undesirable as it increases the price level of goods and services and general population faces difficulties (Layton, Tucker and Robinson, 2002). On the other hand unemployment is also socially undesirable as more peop le will be out of work and it increases the burden on the society and reduces output (Hubbard and O'Brien, 2013). It is evident that there is a trade-off among the inflation and unemployment. That means there is a negative relationship between the inflation and unemployment. The inverse relation between the two factors is represented by the Phillips curve. Thus it can be said that when the inflation rate increases, the unemployment rate falls. The locus of various combinations of the inflation rate and their corresponding unemployment rates in an economy gives the Phillips curve (Krugman and Wells, 2013). Here it can be said that, the negative relationship between the two factors can be seen in the short-run. Such relationship is not proved to be true in the long-run. In the following diagram, the relationship between inflation and unemployment in the short-run or the Phillips curve is shown. So, it is can be said that unemployment can be reduced in an economy if the government implements inflationary policies. So inflation is not absolutely undesirable in an economy. It is known that there are basically two types of inflation that can be seen in an economy. They are demand pull and cost push inflation. In case of demand pull inflation, the aggregate demand of an economy increases and thus there is a shift of the aggregate demand curve to rightwards. This increases the price level and the output level also increases in the economy (Mankiw, 2013). Thus the firms hire more workers for the production process or catering to the increased aggregate demand and it leads to lower unemployment rate. In the following diagram, the impact of demand pull inflation can be shown (Layton, Tucker and Robinson, 2002). According to Milton Friedman, the Phillips curve is only valid in the short-run. Thus in the long run, the inflationary policy will not address the unemployment issue of the economy. Government Intervention: It is identified that inflation and unemployment are both undesirable in the society. But there is a trade-off between the two factors that means an increase in one factor can lead to the reduction of the other. So, it is very important to take appropriate measures to maintain the balance between the two factors and maximise the social and economic welfare in an economy. Thus government intervention is necessary for implementation of various policies and procedures in order to increase the employment level of an economy and also maintain the inflation at a tolerable leve (This is Money, 2015)l. The government can intervene in the economy with the help of fiscal and monetary policies. The fiscal instruments include the tax rate and the government expenditure. On the other hand the monetary measures include the money supply and interest rates. These can be used in order to increase or lower the inflation and unemployment rate. Here several examples can be given that represents the negative relationship between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate. In the following diagram, the trend of inflation and unemployment can be shown. Source: (Media, 2015) It can be seen that, when the inflation rate has increased the unemployment rate has fallen in the economy. There can be exceptions to the theory as well. In 2011, it is seen that the inflation rate and the unemployment rate has increased and in 2012, both inflation rate and unemployment rate has reduced. The government intervention in the economy can be referred as one of the measures that helped in reducing both unemployment rate and the inflation rate in the economy. (b) Inflation, Unemployment and Growth Trends in India: In each and every economy the inflation and unemployment is considered as two major indicators of the performance of an economy. These factors can also affect the growth level of the economy. Thus it can be said that there is a relationship between the inflation rate, unemployment rate and the growth rate. Here the inflation, unemployment and growth trends in India in the past few years can be shown and relationship can be established. The inflation rate is the general increase of the price level in an economy. It is known that, India is one of the emerging economies in the world and the interconnectedness of the country with other country is also significant. India is connected with various countries in terms of trade relations or foreign direct investment. Thus the shortage or surplus of a product leads to rising prices and thus the inflation in the economy. In December 2014, the inflation rate was recorded at 5. In 2012 the inflation rate was 8.98 and it was at all time high rates of 11.16% in November 2013. The Wholesale Price Index (WPI) is the main measure that is used in India for inflation. But there are also the debate regarding the Consumer Price Index (CPI) to be a better measure of presenting the inflation in an economy. The most important categories that are included in CPI are tobacco, food and beverages. Other products are housing, fuel and light, transport and communication, clothing bedding and foo twear, medical care, and education. In the following table various measures of inflation are given. Source: (Tradingeconomics.com, 2015) In the following diagram the inflation rate of India from 1959 to 2013 is shown. It is seen that the fluctuation in the inflation rate is high during earlier decades. In recent decade, the fluctuation in the price level is minimised and the inflation rate is maintained at a lower level. In 2009, the CPI was as high as 14.97%. the main reason for such inflation rate can be referred as the global financial recession during that time (Media, 2015). Source: (Media, 2015) Now the unemployment trend in India can be evaluated. It is known that the unemployment rate refers to the percentage of people who are willing to do a job and are also looking for a job but are not receiving any employment opportunities in the market. Unemployment is also undesirable in an economy. It is known that the population density in India is very high and thus it is very important to generate employment opportunity for the employees. The unemployment rate in India averaged 7.58% from 1983 until 2012. The unemployment rate in India was 6.30 % in 2011. It decreased to 5.20% in 2012. All time high unemployment rate in India was seen in 2009 when it reached 9.40% (Statista, 2015). Such trend was seen due to the global financial crisis at that time. The ministry of Labour and Unemployment mainly reports the unemployment rate in the country (Tradingeconomics.com, 2015). In the following graph the unemployment rate in India is shown from 2000 to 2014. Source: (Tradingeconomics.com, 2015) In the above diagram, it can be seen that the unemployment rate in the country increased steadily from 2000 till 2006. After that the unemployment rate fell for the next two years and after that a sharp increase was seen in the unemployment rate from 2008 to 2010. After 2010, there was significant reduction in the unemployment rate in the economy. In the following table, data on various factors related to unemployment rate is shown. Here it can be said that the unemployment rate in recent years has declined significantly due to increased government intervention in the economy. It is evident that the government has taken measures in the economy for providing better job opportunities. On the other hand the expansion of various industries especially in the private sector has also provided extensive job opportunities for the job-seekers. It is known that there is a negative relationship between inflation and unemployment. Thus the trend of these two factors for India can be identified. In the following table the data on inflation and unemployment for India is shown for the year 2002-2013. Year Inflation Rate Unemployment Rate 2002 4.31 8.8 2003 3.81 9.5 2004 3.77 9.2 2005 4.25 8.9 2006 5.79 7.8 2007 6.39 7.2 2008 8.32 6.8 2009 10.83 10.7 2010 12.11 10.8 2011 8.87 9.8 2012 9.3 8.5 2013 10.92 8.8 Source: (Indexmundi.com, 2015) Now the trend line for inflation and unemployment can be shown. In the above diagram, it can be seen that during 2002-2007, the Phillips curve relationship is true as the unemployment rate has fallen when the inflation rate has increased. But after 2008, the Phillips relationship is not maintained and inflation rate and the unemployment rate has increased and reduced at the same time. Now the growth trend that is seen in India in the past few decades can be discussed. The growth rate refers to the increasing rate of GDP in an economy. It is evident that in the third quarter of 2014, the GDP growth rate in India was 5.30. The average annual growth rate of India from 1951 to 2014 was 5.82. The growth rate reached all time high in the first quarter of 2010 when it reached 11.40%. The Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MOSPI) reports on the GDP annual growth rate of India. In the following diagram, the growth rate of India can be shown from 2000 to 2014. Source: (Tradingeconomics.com, 2015) From the diagram it is seen that the GDP growth rate of India has fluctuated in various time period. The growth rate has increased sharply in 2005 and it continued to grow till 2008. After that there is a decline in the growth rate but after that it has increased and again fell around the year 2012. Now in the following table the data on inflation, unemployment and the growth rate can be presented. Inflation Rate Unemployment Rate Growth Rate 2002 4.31 8.8 3.8 2003 3.81 9.5 7.9 2004 3.77 9.2 7.9 2005 4.25 8.9 9.3 2006 5.79 7.8 9.3 2007 6.39 7.2 9.8 2008 8.32 6.8 3.9 2009 10.83 10.7 8.5 2010 12.11 10.8 10.3 2011 8.87 9.8 6.6 2012 9.3 8.5 4.7 2013 10.92 8.8 5 Source: (Data.worldbank.org, 2015) The trend line for these three economic indicators can be shown in the following diagram for the year 2002-2013 in India. The aggregate supply curve can be referred as the total supply of goods and services that is supplied by the producers in an economy at various price levels. Thus the aggregate supply curve is the locus of the quantity of total goods or services that are supplied by the producers and the corresponding price levels. There are basically three ranges of the aggregate supply curve where it operates. These three ranges are Keynesian, Intermediate and classical (Economicsonline.co.uk, 2015). In the following diagram, the three ranges of aggregate supply curve can be shown. In the diagram the three ranges of aggregate supply curve is shown. In the above diagram, it can be seen that when the growth rate has reduced the inflation rate has also reduced and when the growth rate has increased, the inflation rate has also increased. Thus there is a positive relationship between inflation and GDP growth rate of India and thus India is operating in the intermediate range of the aggregate supply curve where the relationship between the price level and real GDP rate is positive. (c) Impact of Monetary Policy: The monetary policy is one of the most effective instruments of government that is used in order to implement changes in various economic factors in the nation. Though monetary policy measure, the monetary authority of a country controls the supply of money in the economy in order to maintain stability and for inducing economic growth in the nation. The monetary policy usually targeted towards the interest rate and the inflation rate for increasing the growth and stability in the economy. The monetary policy can be either expansionary or it can be contractionary. The expansionary monetary policy increases the supply of money in the economy and resultant impact is seen. On the other hand, the contractionary monetary policy lowers the money supply in the economy and the resultant impact is achieved. The expansionary monetary policy basically increases the money supply in the economy. The expansionary monetary policy is usually implemented in order to stabilise the unemployment rate during recession by lowering the rate of interest. It is also evident that increase in the money supply leads to increase in the inflation rate in an economy due to reduction in the value of money. Thus increased money supply also increases inflation. But it is known that higher inflation rate reduces the unemployment rate. Thus expansionary monetary policy can also reduce unemployment rate in an economy by increasing the inflation level by increasing money supply in the economy. An expansionary monetary policy increases the price of bonds, higher investment in capital due to lower interest rate. The exchange rates are also affected by the expansionary monetary policy. As a result of the expansionary monetary policy, the demand for foreign currency increases and the demand for domestic currency fall a s the value of money of the domestic country increases. On the other hand the contractionary monetary policy is implemented by lowering the money supply in the economy. The government can implement contractionary monetary policy by using following measures. The government can sell the securities in open market, increase the reserve requirements in the banks or by raising the federal discount rate. Thus in this policy measure the rate of interest rises in the economy and the investment falls. This lowers the inflation rate in the economy. The supply of bonds in the market is increased and the bonds are bought by the foreign buyers. Thus the demand for the domestic currency increases and the demand for the foreign currency reduces in the market. Thus the exchange rate of the domestic currency will appreciate and the exchange rate of the foreign currency will depreciate in the market. So it can be said that the contractionary monetary policy will increase the interest rate, decrease the bond price, reduce the investment on capital, appreciate the doemstuc currency and depreciate the foreign currency. Thus it can be said that the monetary policy can significantly affect the economy by impacting various economic indicators in the economy. The monetary policy is implemented by the monetary authorities in a nation and it rests on the relationship between the total supply of money and the rate of interest. The monetary policy can also affect the growth rate in the economy (Federalreserve.gov, 2015). In certain scenario, the monetary policy can be ineffective to address the issues in the economy. For example, when the inflation is triggered by high wage demand and it can also increase the cost of the firms. In such scenario, the monetary policy cannot be credible. Open market operations are one of the effective tools that are used in case of monetary policy implementation. In various countries, the government implements measures to get desirable results in the economy. For example, during the global financial crisis, the government of various countries took several measures in terms of monetary policies for attaining stability in the economy. The Federal Open Market Committee established a near-zero range of target for the rate of federal funds (Federalreserve.gov, 2015). The Federal Reserve also tried to hold the long-term securities in the market and a downward pressure was given on the interest rates. Thus expansionary monetary policy was implemented by various countries for attaining the stability in the economy after the global financial crisis. Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be said that in recent times there has been increased competition among the organisations, especially at the global level. Such competition is also seen among the nations. It is evident that there are developed as well as developing countries. Various developing countries like India and China are significantly emerging in the economy by high performance and growth rate. 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